The simultaneous removal of reactive and disperse dyes by Electrocoagulation Process with a bipolar connection of combined Iron and Aluminum electrodes: Experimental design and Kinetic studies

Authors

  • Noufissa Sqalli Hassan II University of Casablanca
  • Abdelhafid Essadki Hassan II University of Casablanca
  • Essedik Elqars Hassan II University of Casablanca
  • Essedik Elqars Hassan II University of Casablanca

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13171/mjc10202002191222ae

Abstract

This study concerns the ability of electrocoagulation process to remove simultaneously disperse and reactive dyes by using combined iron and aluminum electrodes in bipolar mode. A statistical experiment design (Response Surface Methodology: RSM) was adopted to model the process and to optimize the parameters influencing the removal efficiency of the dyes.  The mathematical model is established, using a rotatable central composite design uniform to study the empirical relationships between two responses (Removal efficiency, energy consumption) and five factors: initial pH, current density, the concentration of supporting electrolyte, time and stirring speed. This treatment, therefore, led to a removal efficiency that can reach more than 95% with low consumption energy of 9 kWh/Kg of removed dye. Kinetic, isotherm adsorption and thermodynamic studies were undertaken with the optimized parameters. Electrocoagulation mechanism was modeled using adsorption kinetics and isotherm models, it is sited were on the insoluble iron and aluminum flocs. This study shows that the Freundlich model fit the adsorption isotherm, the kinetic of the electrocoagulation is better presented by the pseudo- second-order kinetic, the adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous for both dyes. Analysis of the sludge allowed quantifying the role of each electrode in removing dyes.

Author Biographies

Noufissa Sqalli, Hassan II University of Casablanca

Laboratory of Environment, Process and Energy (LEPE)

Abdelhafid Essadki, Hassan II University of Casablanca

Laboratory of Environment, Process and Energy (LEPE)

Essedik Elqars, Hassan II University of Casablanca

Laboratory of Environment, Process and Energy (LEPE)

Essedik Elqars, Hassan II University of Casablanca

Laboratory of Environment, Process and Energy (LEPE)

References

- J. S. Do, M. L. Chen, Decolourization of dye-containing solutions by electrocoagulation, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 1994, 24, 785-790.

- S. I. Abo-Elela, F. A. El-Gohary, H. L. Ali, R. S. Abdel-Wahaab, Treatability Studies on Textile Industry Wastewater Including High COD Loadings by Physico-Chemical, Ozone/UV and Adsorption Techniques, Environ. Technol., 1998, 9, 23-32.

- M. Riera-Torres, C. Gutiérrez-Bouzán, M. Crespi, Combination of coagulation–flocculation and nanofiltration techniques for dye removal and water reuse in textile effluents, Desalination, 2010, 252, 53-59.

- A. R. Khataee, V. Vatanpour, A. R. Amani Ghadim, Decolorization of C.I. Acid Blue 9 solution by UV/Nano-TiO(2), Fenton, Fenton-like, electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation processes: a comparative study, J. Hazard. Mater., 2009, 161,1225-1233.

- N. Mohan, N. Balasubramanian, V. Subramanian, Electrochemical Treatment of Simulated Textile Effluent, Chem. Eng. Technol., 2001, 24, 749-753.

- M. F. Sevimli, H. Z. Sarikaya, Ozone treatment of textile effluents and dyes: effect of applied ozone dose, pH and dye concentration, Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology: International Research in Process, Environmental & Clean Technolog, 2002, 77, 842-850.

- A. M. Mamelkina, M. Herraiz-Carboné, S. Cotillas, E. Lacasa, M. A. Rodrigo, Treatment of mining wastewater polluted with cyanide by coagulation processes: A mechanistic study, Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 237, 116345.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116345.

- B. Al Aji, Y. Yavus, S. Koparal, Electrocoagulation of heavy metals containing model wastewater using monopolar iron electrodes, Separation and Purification Technology, 2012, 86, 248-254.

- S. H. Ammara. N. N. Ismaila, A. D. Ali, W. M. Abbasc, Electrocoagulation technique for refinery wastewater treatment in an internal loop split-plate airlift reactor , Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering., 2019, 7, 103489.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103489.

- W. Balla, A. H. Essadki, B. Gourich, A. Dassaa, H. Chenik, M. Azzi, Electrocoagulation/electroflotation of reactive, disperse and mixture dyes in an external-loop airlift reactor, J. Hazard. Mater., 2010, 184, 710-716.

- A. Hector, M. Castillas, L. David, A. Jewel, A. G. Gomes, P. Morkovsky, J. R. Parga, E. Peterson, Electrocoagulation mechanism for COD removal, Separation and purification Technology, 2007, 56, 204-211.

- O. Ali, A. R. A. Ghadim, M. S. S. Dorraji, M. H. Rasoulifard, Removal of the alphazurine FG dye from simulated solution by electrocoagulation, CLEAN - Soil Air Water, 2010, 38, 401-408.

- G. F. Babuna, B. Soyhan, G. Eremektar, D. Orhon, Evaluation of treatability for two textile mill effluents, Water Sci. Technol., 1999, 40, 145-152.

- Y. M. Slokar, A. M. L. Marechal, Methods of decoloration of textile wastewaters, Dyes. Pigm., 1998, 37, 335-356.

- H. Chenik, M. Elhafdi, A. Dassaa, A. H. Essadki, M. Azzi, Removal of Real Textile Dyes by Electrocoagulation/Electroflotation in a Pilot External-Loop Airlift Reactor, Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2013.

- S. Bener, Ö. Bulca, B. Palas, G. Tekin, G. Ersöz, Electrocoagulation process for the treatment of real textile wastewater: Effect of operative conditions on the organic carbon removal and kinetic study, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2019, 129, 47-54.

- G. Jiantuan, Q. Jiuhui, L. Pengju, L. Huijuan, New bipolar electrocoagulation-electroflotation process for the treatment of laundry wastewater, Separation and Purification Technology, 2004, 36, 33-39.

- A. H. Essadki, Electrochemical Probe for Frictional Force and Bubble Measurements in Gas-Liquid-Solid Contactors and Innovative Electrochemical Reactors for Electrocoagulation/Electroflotation, Electrochemical Cells–New Advances in Fundamental Researches and Applications. Janeza Trdine, 2012, 9, 45-70.

- K. S. Hashim, A. H. Hussein, S. L. Zubaidi, P. Kot, L. Kraidi, R. Alkhadar, A. Shaw, R. Alwash, Effect of initial pH value on the removal of reactive black dye from water by electrocoagulation (EC) method, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 2019, 1294, 072017.

- Y. Vahap, A. Hevidar, Y. Numan, Investigation of optimum conditions for efficient COD reduction in synthetic sulfamethazine solutions by Pleurotus ernygii var. ferulae using response surface methodology, J.Taiwan. Inst. Chem. E., 2017, 80, 349-355.

- Z. Zaroual, H. Chaair, A. H. Essadki, K. ElAss, M. Azzi, Optimizing the removal of trivalent chromium by electrocoagulation using experimental design, Chem. Eng. Journal., 2009,148, 488-495.

- M. Bayramoglu, M. Kobya, O. T. Can, M. Sozbir, Operating cost analysis of electrocoagulation of textile dye wastewater, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2004, 37,117-125.

- I. Muharrem , I. O. Kaplan, Y. Vahap, Nickel, lead and Cadmium Removal Using a low-cost Adsorbent-Banana peel, At. Spectrosc., 2016, 37, 125-130.

- S. K. Lagergren, About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances, Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handingarl, 1898, 24, 1-39.

- V. C. Srivastava, M. M. Swamy, I. D. Mall, B. Prasad, I. M. Mishra, Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamics. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Colloids and surfaces a: physicochemical and engineering aspects, 2006, 272, 89-104.

- S. Papita Das, J. Srivastava, S. Chowdhury, Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by adsorption onto seashells: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies, Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, 2013, 3, 119-127.

- Y. S. Ho, G. McKay, Pseudo-Second Order Model for Sorption Processes, Process. Biochem., 1999, 34, 451-465.

- S. Vasudevan, J. Lakshmi, G. Sozhan, Effects of alternating and direct current in electrocoagulation process on the removal of cadmium from water, J. Hazard. Mater., 2011, 192, 26-34.

- Y. Vahap, I. Muharem, T. Mehtap, Adsorption of bisphenol A from aqueous solutions by pleurotus eryngii immobilized on Amberlite XAD-4 using as a new adsorbent, Desalination and Water Treatment, 2016, 57, 22362-22369.

- F. E. Titchou, H. Alfanga, H. Zazou, R. A. Akbour, M. Hamdani, Batch elimination of cationic dye from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation process, Med.J.Chem., 2020, 10, 1-12.

Downloads

Published

2020-02-19

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)

Section

Environmental Chemistry

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).